During a broadcast storm, a switch is likely to see the same MAC address on multiple ports, due to the nature of a bridging loop. MAC Address Table Stability - A switch will also add the source MAC address for a given frame to its MAC Address Table, along with the interface on which it was received. In the case of broadcast frames, these are typically sent repeatedly by a device or application, eventually resulting in a broadcast storm as more and more packets are generated and looped around the network. There are three problems that STP can try to solve for the network:īroadcast Storms - Layer 2 frames have no TTL type mechanism to prevent frames from being forwarded endlessly around a network. If a destination MAC address is unknown, a switch will flood the frame out of every port in that VLAN, except the port on which the frame was received. Switches have specific behaviors when receiving broadcast or unknown unicast messages. What is the use case for Spanning Tree Protocol? Rapid PVST+ - Cisco improvement of RSTP adding the per VLAN featureĪs we're simply talking about fundamentals today, we'll stick with 802.1D as we discuss the fundamentals.RSTP (802.1w) - Improved STP with faster convergence.PVST+ - Cisco improvement of STP adding a per VLAN feature.STP (802.1D) - Original STP implementation. ![]() ![]() STP has had several interations over the years: Spanning Tree Protocol is a Layer 2 control plane protocol used to prevent bridging loops in a redundant LAN topology. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Fundamentals
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